AM | Operations, organizations, and individuals relating to Cuba. | ARRB Final Report p.52, Mary's DB AM entry. | MFF. |
AMBANG-1 | Manuel Ray Rivero, leader of the Revolutionary Movement of the People (MRP) and later Junta Revolucionaria Cubana (JURE). | "Ultimate Sacrifice" (paperback) p.180, 104-10308-10135. | MFF. |
AMBANTY | Paramilitary operation of internal resistance in Cuba, originally called AMCOBRA, rolled up by Castro in 1964. | 104-10308-10016. | MFF. |
AMBANTY-1 | Colonel Abad (see AMBANTY). | 104-10308-10016. | MFF. |
AMBIDDY-1 | Manuel Artime Buesa, a prominent Cuban exile who was in the Bay of Pigs invasion, in 1963 moved to Nicaragua as leader of operation AMWORLD. | 104-10240-10327, 104-10241-10018. | MFF. |
AMBUD | Cuban Revolutionary Council (CRC), Cuban exile organization formed on 22 Mar 1961 under U.S. guidance to unify various exile groups. | "Oswald and the CIA" p.250, 104-10308-10024. | MFF. |
AMBUD-1 | Jose Miro Cardona, first Prime Minister of Cuba under Castro, who left Cuba and headed the Cuban Revolutionary Council (CRC) exile group. | 104-10308-10265. | MFF. |
AMCALL-1 | Reynold Gonzalez Gonzalez. | 104-10217-10397, 104-10217-10144. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMCANOE | Project of U.S. contacts for a resistance group in Cuba, incl. support of Unidad de Liberacion Nacional (ULN). | 104-10308-10029, Church Committee testimony of Harold Swenson, 10 May 1976, p. 17 | MFF. |
AMCANOE-1 | Eduardo Garcia Molina. | 104-10308-10029. | MFF. |
AMCANOE-3 | Antonio Jose Ramirez Mendez. | 104-10308-10029. | MFF. |
AMCANOE-7 | Benjamin Acosta Valdes. | 104-10308-10029. | MFF. |
AMCANOE-9 | Juan Amestoy Dominguez. | 104-10308-10029. | MFF. |
AMCAPE-1 | Tad Szulc, New York Times journalist involved in AMTRUNK project, suspected by CIA of being hostile foreign agent. | "Ultimate Sacrifice" (paperback) p.690, 104-10103-10097, 104-10103-10363, 104-10102-10234. | MFF. |
AMCARBON-1 | Al Burt, Miami Herald journalist used as source and "operational support" for CIA's JMWAVE station. | "A Farewell to Justice" p.170, "Blond Ghost" p.113, 104-10072-10289, 104-10308-10135. | MFF. |
AMCARBON-3 | Donald Dean Bohning, Latin American editor of Miami Herald and CIA source. | 104-10310-10251, 104-10106-10653, Talbot Reply to Bohning Review in Washington Decoded. | MFF. |
AMCIGAR | Frente Revolucionario Democratico (FRD), aka Cuban Democratic Revolutionary Front. | "Our Man in Mexico", p.101, 104-10061-10115, FRUS 1958-1960, Vol VI, p.1104, HSCA Vol X, p.57. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMCLATTER-1 | Bernard Leon Barker, Cuban exile and contract agent for CIA, worked with E. Howard Hunt and Frank Sturgis. One of the Watergate burglars. | 104-10308-10265, 104-10164-10186, 180-10144-10221. | MFF. |
AMCLATTER-5 | Alberto de Jesus Alberty Garcia. | 104-10164-10186. | MFF. |
AMCOBRA | Paramilitary operation of internal resistance in Cuba, renamed AMBANTY, rolled up by Castro in 1964. | 104-10308-10010. | MFF. |
AMCOVE | An "operation centered around an FI (Foreign Intelligence) net in Cuba to report intelligence information via Secret Writing." | 104-10308-10017. | Brian Benson. |
AMCOVE-1 | Alejandra Sanchez. | 104-10308-10017. | Brian Benson. |
AMDENIM-1 | Alberto Fernandez Hechevarria, Cuban exile whose boat Tejana was used in anti-Castro activities. | 104-10172-10152, 104-10172-10086. | MFF. |
AMDENIM-14 | Antonio ("Tony") Cuesta Vallee, prominent Cuban exile, involved in Comandos L and other militant anti-Castro organization. | 180-10143-10175, 104-10244-10126, 104-10244-10077, 10AH100. | Peter Dale Scott. |
AMEMBER-1 | Julio Lobo, sugar magnate in Cuba and later an exile and donor to the anti-Castro cause. | 104-10308-10121, 104-10103-10158, 180-10142-10307. | Roy Bierma. |
AMFAUNA | Network of in-Cuba agents, nearly all women, providing military, political, and economic reporting, including reports on attempts to kill Castro. | 104-10308-10120, 104-10070-10079. | MFF. |
AMHAWK | Manuel Antonio (Tony) de Varona, a leader in the Cuban Revolutionary Council and other anti-Castro exile groups. | 104-10308-10042 (compare this page with succeeding page), 104-10167-10339, 180-10143-10183, HSCA Vol X, p.57. | Brian Benson. |
AMHIM | Project for the "distribution of news and information bulletins and radio newscast tapes to addresses throughout Latin America" via AIP (Agencia de Informaciones Periodisticas). | 104-10308-10133, 104-10104-10049, 104-10165-10187. | MFF. |
AMHIM-2 | Agustin Alles Soberon, worked under AMHIM project and also for Juana Castro's radio program. | 104-10104-10041, 104-10104-10038, 104-10104-10049, 104-10104-10051. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMHINT-1 | Alberto Muller Quintama. | 104-10181-10346, 104-10181-10347. | MFF. |
AMHINT-2 | Manuel Salvat Roque. | 104-10181-10346, 104-10181-10347. | MFF. |
AMHINT-3 | Miguel A. Garcia Armengol. | 104-10181-10346, 104-10181-10347. | MFF. |
AMHINT-4 | Antonio Garcia Crew. | 104-10181-10346, 104-10181-10347. | MFF. |
AMHINT-5 | Isidro 'Chilo' Borja, early member of the DRE. Educated as an engineer in Canada, he controlled the group's boats and headed the group's military section in 1963 | 104-10181-10334 | Jefferson Morley. |
AMHINT-53 | Luis Fernandez-Rocha, Secretary General of the Revolutionary Student Directorate (DRE). | 104-10138-10170 | Jefferson Morley. |
AMHINT-56 | Juan Francisco Blanco Fernandez, participated in DRE raids on Cuba. | 104-10215-10161, 104-10215-10402, 104-10215-10145. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMICE-14 | Miguel A. Diaz Isalgue, a "principal" in the AMTRUNK operation. | 104-10102-10226. | MFF. |
AMICE-27 | Dr. Nestor Moreno, a "principal" in the AMTRUNK operation. | 104-10102-10226. | MFF. |
AMKHAN-2 | Carlos Martin Ahrens Temple, Western Union employee in Cuba recruited by CIA agent Bernard Barker (AMCLATTER-1). | 104-10164-10186. | MFF. |
AMLASH | Rolando Cubela Secades, a Cuban doctor and official who was recruited in 1963 for an assassination attempt on Castro. Cubela was being given a CIA poison pen on Nov 22 when news of JFK's death broke. | AR113, CIA MFR of 16 Apr 1976, Church Committee Interim Report, p.86. | MFF. |
AMLEO | "An FI propaganda operation involving the exploitation of Capt. Jose Ricardo Rabel Nunez (AMLEO-3), a high-level defector who escaped from Cuba in an INRA plane on 6 December 1962." | 104-10308-10059, 104-10103-10349. | Brian Benson. |
AMLEO-3 | Capt. Jose Ricardo Rabel Nunez, "a high-level defector who escaped from Cuba in an INRA plane on 6 December 1962." | 104-10308-10059, 104-10103-10349, 104-10103-10362. | Brian Benson. |
AMLOUT-1 | Raul Castro, brother of Fidel. | 104-10308-10005, 104-10308-10046 (compare the two). | Roy Bierma. |
AMMUG-1 | Cuban intelligence officer named Vladimir Lahera Rodriguez, who defected to U.S. via Canada in April 1964, and was interrogated about Oswald in addition to other matters. | 104-10185-10234, 104-10054-10412, Mary's DB AMMUG-1 entry. | MFF. |
AMNIP-1 | Miguel Roche Monroy - Cuban DGI defector. | 104-10506-10022, 104-10054-10135, 104-10185-10300, 104-10506-10043. | Brian Benson. |
AMOT | "Cubans in Miami (outside group) controlled by JMWAVE station who gathered information on Cubans, primarily from debriefing of Cuban refugees." | "Ultimate Sacrifice" (paperback), p.629, 104-10308-10209, 104-10308-10214, 104-10235-10109. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMPALM-4 | Angel Fernandez Varela. | 104-10061-10115, 104-10308-10113, 104-10229-10340. | MFF. |
AMQUACK (AMQUACK-1) | Che Guevera, guerrilla leader and minister in Castro's Cuba, killed in Bolivia in 1968. | "Blond Ghost" p.81, 104-10308-10005, 104-10308-10046 (compare the two), Mary's DB AMQUACK entry. | MFF. |
AMROD | CIA operations against the Cuban intelligence service. One such operation involved planting false papers on Cuban Cultural Attache Teresa Proenza, to make it look like the Vice-Minister of Defense had betrayed the Soviet missile buildup in Cuba to the Americans. | "Oswald and the CIA" p.387, "Live by the Sword" p.221, 104-10052-10208, 104-10065-10174, 1993.07.19.18:07:44:460150, 104-10513-10091. | MFF. |
AMSHALE-1 | Antonia Veciana, leader of Cuban exile group ALPHA-66. Veciana told HSCA investigator Gaeton Fonzi that he had worked with a "Maurice Bishop" who Fonzi came to believe was CIA officer David Phillips. | 104-10102-10176, 104-10181-10431, 104-10103-10160. | Roy Bierma. |
AMSPELL | The Directorio Revolucionario Estudiantil, or DRE (Cuban Student Directorate). DRE delegate Carlos Bringuier had the famous altercation with Lee Oswald in New Orleans in the summer of 1963, and DRE members quickly spread information about Oswald after JFK's assassination. | 104-10181-10113, 104-10308-10170, 180-10142-10246. See also 10AH81. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMSTRUT-2 | Juana de la Caridad Castro Ruz, sister of Fidel and Raul, who ran a radio program against her brothers' regime. | 104-10103-10072 (note file number 201-218126), 104-10104-10042, 1993.07.22.09:37:48:180620 (compare with prev), 104-10104-10041. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMSWIRL-1 | Customs agent Cesar Diosdado. | 104-10061-10115, p.3 (compare with p.21), 104-10113-10147, 104-10167-10428, 104-10048-10410. See also 1994.04.21.11:49:26:370005. | Roy Bierma. |
AMTHUG | Fidel Castro, the Cuban leader who took power in 1959 and whose demise the U.S. began unsuccessfully plotting soon thereafter. | "The Very Best Men" p.206, 104-10179-10235, 104-10076-10087, 104-10308-10004. | MFF. |
AMTRUNK | Operation for military overthrow of Castro's government in 1963, promoted within White House circles but distrusted by CIA. Aka Plan Leonardo. | "Deep Politics II" p.47, 104-10103-10112, 104-10213-10262, AMTRUNK OPERATION. | MFF. |
AMTRUNK-1 | George Volsky. | 104-10102-10226. | MFF. |
AMTRUNK-9 | Modesto Orlando Orozco Basulto. | 104-10102-10226. | MFF. |
AMTRUNK-10 | Ramon Thomas Guin Diaz. | 104-10102-10226. | MFF. |
AMTRUNK-11 | Carlos Pedraza Aguilar. | 104-10102-10226. | MFF. |
AMTURVY | An operation "designed for the purpose of conducting sabotage operations against Cuba. It consisted of a net of 13 AMTURVY assets whose primary function, apart from sabotage, was the preparation of target studies and analysis of sabotage operations." | 104-10506-10031. | Brian Benson. |
AMTURVY-1 | Alturo Maria Jesus Varona [Alesso?]. | 104-10506-10031, 104-10308-10021. | Brian Benson. |
AMTURVY-4 | Enrique Diaz Fernandez. | 104-10506-10031, 104-10506-10023. | Brian Benson. |
AMTURVY-13 | Mario Salabarria Aguiar. | 104-10506-10031, 104-10308-10022. | Brian Benson. |
AMUPAS-1 | Viola June Cobb, who informed for CIA under crypt AMUPAS-1 while working for Castro, and played a role in the Elena Garro de Paz story, with Mexican crypt LICOOKY-1. | 104-10218-10185, 104-10174-10123, Mary's DB Cobb entry. | MFF. |
AMWAIL-1 | Justo Carillo Hernandez, leader of Agrupacion Montecristi and a founding member of the Frente Civico Revolucionario (FRD), forerunner of the CRC. | 104-10103-10158, 104-10168-10054, 104-10240-10164. See also FRUS, 1958-1960, Vol VI: Cuba, p.158 and p.1154 and 10AH57. | Roy Bierma. |
AMWHIP-1 | Carlos Tepedino Gonzalez, a Cuban exile living in the U.S. who was a "long-time friend" of Rolando Cubela (AMLASH). AMWHIP-1 arranged the 1961 meeting between a CIA case officer and Cubela, who was recruited to attempt to assassinate Fidel Castro. | 104-10183-10410, 104-10065-10094, | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
AMWORLD | Plan to invade Cuba from offshore, primarily involving Manuel Artime (AMBIDDY-1), based in Nicaragua. Lamar Waldron ("Ultimate Sacrifice") interprets this as the CIA's portion of a JFK-sponsored coup plan set for 1 Dec 1963 involving Juan Almeida. | 104-10315-10004, 104-10308-10080, 104-10308-10095, 104-10241-10139. | MFF. |
LI | Operations, organizations, and individuals related to Mexico City. | ARRB Final Report p.52. | MFF. |
LIBIGHT | Mail opening operation in Mexico City, with Soviet and/or Cuban targets. | 104-10054-10060, 104-10413-10128, 104-10098-10180, 104-10406-10112. | Jerry Ennis. |
LICALLA | One of three photo surveillance sites under the LIEMPTY umbrella project. LILYRIC was an apartment which provided a view of the back of the Soviet Embassy compound in Mexico City. The other two photo sites were LIMITED and LILYRIC. | "Inside the Company" p.528, 104-10414-10124, 104-10413-10128, 104-10431-10083. | Jerry Ennis. |
LICHANT-1 | Unwitting asset Manuel Calvillo, who the HSCA failed to locate in its attempt to corroborate Elena Garro de Paz's story regarding Oswald in Mexico City. | 104-10174-10067, HSCA testimony of Ann Goodpasture p.78, "Lopez Report" p.255, p.232. | MFF. |
LICOOKY-1 | Viola June Cobb, who informed for CIA under crypt AMUPAS-1 while working for Castro, and played a role in the Elena Garro de Paz story, with Mexican crypt LICOOKY-1 (aka LICOOKIE-1). | 104-10218-10185, 104-10175-10350, 104-10174-10123, Memo for Files of 25 Nov 1964, Mary's DB Viola June Cobb entry. | MFF. |
LIEMBRACE | A Mexico City-based surveillance project, under the umbrella LIPSTICK project. LIEMBRACE included a surveillance team, a radio repairman, and a phototruck team. | "Inside the Company" p.528, 104-10414-10124, 104-10132-10201, 104-10079-10289. | MFF. |
LIEMPTY | Umbrella surveillance project in Mexico City, formerly code-named LIPSTICK. Included a variety of sub-projects under it. | 104-10414-10124, 104-10413-10029, 104-10118-10334, 104-10079-10282. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIENTRAP | Mobile surveillance team used to track Soviet operatives in Mexico City. | 104-10413-10128, 104-10088-10328, 104-10079-10291, 104-10413-10029. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIENVOY | CIA telephone tapping program in Mexico City, targeting Cuban and Soviet embassies and run in conjunction with the Mexican DFS. Netted phone calls allegedy of Oswald. See also LIFEAT. | "Inside the Company" p.613, 104-10195-10082, 104-10098-10230, 104-10439-10003, 104-10414-10124. | MFF. |
LIERODE | CIA photosurveillance and tapping operation targeting the Cuban embassy compound in Mexico City (see refs for confusion on this). It is the LIERODE operation which allegedly failed to obtain photos of Oswald due to a camera breakdown. | "Our Man in Mexico" p.179, Lopez Report p.301, 104-10118-10432, 104-10246-10027, 104-10414-10363, 104-10118-10312, 104-10413-10047. | MFF. |
LIFEAT | CIA telephone tapping program on a number of phone lines in Mexico City, collecting information on a variety of targets, including home phone lines of Soviet officers, the Yugoslav Embassy, and more. Project grew to include TELEX systems and microphone placements. See also LIENVOY. | 104-10413-10294, 104-10413-10295, 104-10413-10050, 104-10188-10447, 104-10414-10124. | MFF. |
LIHUFF-1 | Alfonso Rudolph Wichtrich, Executive VP, American Chamber of Commerce in Mexico. | "Inside the Company", p.533. 104-10219-10170, 104-10431-10003, 124-10195-10223. | MFF. |
LIJERSEY | Physical surveillance team operating in Mexico City. Renamed LIRICE in 1962. | 104-10413-10029, 104-10052-10101, 104-10054-10051, 104-10414-10124. | MFF. |
LILYRIC | One of three photo surveillance sites under the LIEMPTY umbrella project. LILYRIC was a 3rd story apartment across the street from the Soviet Embassy in Mexico City, south of the LIMITED installation. The other two photo sites were LIMITED and LICALLA. | 104-10414-10124, 104-10413-10128, Lopez Report, p. 45. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIMERICK | Soviet Embassy in Mexico City. | 104-10413-10029, 104-10052-10081, 104-10054-10051, 104-10414-10081. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIMESA | Extremely sensitive monitoring operation targeting Soviet Embassy in Mexico City, run by Staff D of CounterIntelligence. Used four-unit basehouse known as LIMUST. | 104-10414-10124, 104-10413-10029, 104-10413-10000. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIMITED | One of three photo surveillance sites under the LIEMPTY umbrella project. LIMITED was a fixed site right across the street from the front gate of the Soviet Embassy. The other two photo sites were LILYRIC and LICALLA. | 104-10414-10124, 104-10413-10128, Lopez Report, p. 45. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIMUST | A collection of four housing units used in the LIMESA project and other surveillance operations targeting the Soviet Embassy in Mexico City (actually, the exact distinction between LIMESA and LIMUST is not clear). | 104-10052-10104, 104-10413-10029, 104-10118-10334, 104-10414-10112. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIONION | Photosurveillance project targeting Cuban Embassy in Mexico City. The purported failure of the LIONION installation to capture a picture of Lee Oswald in late September 1963 was a matter of concern and some disbelief in the HSCA's investigation. | 104-10414-10124, 104-10413-10029, 104-10088-10059, 104-10126-10059. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIONION-1 | Alberto Rodriguez Gallego, part of LIONION photography project targeting Cuban embassy. | 104-10113-10404, 104-10414-10060, 104-10118-10433. | MFF. |
LIPSTICK | This Mexico City-based project was an "umbrella type project...consisted of multiline phone taps, three photographic sites, a mobile surveillance team and a mail intercept operation." Under this project were LIMITED, LILYRIC, and LICALLA, LIEMBRACE, LIENTRAP, and possibly other projects. Renamed LIEMPTY. | 104-10103-10132, 104-10414-10124, 104-10414-10083. | Jerry Ennis. |
LIRAVINE | Mid-1960s project "for the purpose of consolidating into one administrative group a number of active Cuban informants," including LIOLEO-1, LISICLE-1, AMSEVER-2, AMPACA-1, and LICARD-1. | 104-10414-10124. | MFF. |
LIRICE | Surveillance project targeting the Communist Party in Mexico City. Some of its agents were arrested and their CIA case officer detained by the Mexican Security Service and subsequently allowed to leave the country. Originally named LIJERSEY. | "Inside the Company" p.533, 104-10414-10124, 104-10052-10035. | MFF. |
LIRING-3 | Carlos Delmar Jurado. Reported a conversation in 1967 with Mexican Consulate worker Sylvia Duran, who had dealt with Oswald during his failed attempt to get a visa in Mexico City. LIRING-3 reported that Duran "admitted that she had sexual relations with him (Oswald) but insisted she had no ideas of his plans...". | 104-10431-10003. Allegation reported in 104-10404-10315, and discussed in "Deep Politics II", p. 124,129 and "Our Man in Mexico", p.242. | Roy Bierma. |
LITAMIL-7 | Consuelo Esperon Perez, apparently employed as a secretary at the Cuban Embassy. | 104-10431-10003, 180-10142-10349, 104-10113-10404. | MFF. |
LITAMIL-9 | Luis Albero Soeto, Cuban Cultural Attache in Mexico City, working as an double-agent for the CIA. According to one CIA document, LITAMIL-9 made photo identifications for the LIONION surveillance project. John Newman (apparently mistakenly) identified Alberu as LIRING-3 in "Oswald and the CIA". | 104-10431-10003, 104-10052-10204, 3AH74 (HSCA interview with Sylvia Duran), "Oswald and the CIA", p.386. | Roy Bierma. |
LITEMPO-2 | Gustavo Diaz Ordaz, President of Mexico from 1964 to 1970. He was president in 1968 during the famous Tlatelcolco massacre. Diaz Ortiz was part of Mexico City station chief Win Scott's LITEMPO program. | "Our Man in Mexico" p.308, 104-10211-10102, 104-10516-10061. | MFF. |
LITEMPO-4 | Fernando Gutierrez Barrios, head of the Mexican secret police (DFS) from 1964 to 1970, and later held other Mexican government posts. Gutierrez Barrios was part of Mexico City station chief Win Scott's LITEMPO program. | "Our Man in Mexico" p.308, "Brothers in Arms" p.xii, Commission Exhibit 2123, 104-10086-10001, 104-10422-10200. | MFF. |
LITEMPO-8 | Luis Echevarria Alvarez, Mexican Interior Minister in 1964 and President from 1970-76. Echevarria was part of Mexico City station chief Win Scott's LITEMPO program. | "Our Man in Mexico" p.308, citing similarities between Mexico City Chronology 104-10013-10004, p.73 and Slawson Mexico City Trip Report 104-10086-10254, p.33. | Dr. Juan B. Giusti. |
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